Spine Treatment and Surgery Center
Private Spinal Medicine and Spinal Surgery Center in Budapest!
Dr. Attila Álmos Balogh, PhD – Neurosurgeon
Spinal medicine and spinal surgery
What kinds of complaints can you come to us with?
- Lower back, back, and neck pain
- Pain radiating from the lower back to the lower limbs and feet, numbness
- Pain and numbness radiating from the neck to the upper limbs and hands
- Gait disturbance
- Muscle weakness in the upper or lower limbs
- Urinary and bowel dysfunction (following urological examination)
How do we diagnose spinal disorders?
- Patient examination
- CT/MRI examinations
- Supplementary functional X-ray examinations
- EMG, ENG examinations
About spinal disorders in general
Glossary of spinal complaints
- Lumbago: Spasms and muscle stiffness, as well as pain in the lower back. Typically very severe pain that occurs with every movement.
- Neuralgia: Radiating nerve pain. Neck or lower back pain, stiffness, and spasms radiating to the upper or lower limbs, sometimes to the fingers or toes.
- Cervicobrachialgia: Neck pain radiating to the upper limbs.
- Lumboischialgia: Nerve pain radiating from the lower back to the buttocks and lower limbs (commonly known as sciatica, sciatic nerve inflammation, sciatic nerve pain).
- Myelon compression: Pressure (compression) on the spinal cord.
- Myelopathy: Signs of permanent damage to the spinal cord on MR images.
- Paresis: Muscle weakness.
- Plegia: Muscle paralysis.
- Hypaesthesia: Numbness.
- Paraesthesia: Painful numbness.
- Incontinence: Urinary or fecal incontinence (vegetative disorder).
What conditions do we treat?
- Joint or nerve-related spinal pain
- Herniated disc, nerve compression
- Spinal and nerve canal stenosis, nerve compression
- Vertebral slippage, spinal instability
- Carpal tunnel syndrome treatment
What treatment options are available for spinal disorders?
Conservative therapy
- Medication
- Pain relief and anti-inflammatory injection treatment
- Infusion therapy (5 sessions)
- Joint and nerve block treatment
- Physiotherapy
- Physical and physiotherapy
- Rheumatology consultation
- Lifestyle counseling
- Dietary assistance
The surgical procedure
Degenerative Spinal Diseases
Cause: Most often, during the protrusion of the cervical or lumbar discs, resulting in narrowing of the nerve canal, or possibly due to slippage or displacement of the vertebrae, pressure on the surrounding nerves, and in rarer cases, pressure on the nerves of the thoracic spine, which can cause nerve pain radiating toward the rib cage. Point-like pain between the shoulder blades, next to the neck or spine, may also indicate protrusion of the cervical disc and nerve compression.
További információk
Disc protrusion is a more general term that describes any situation in which part of the disc protrudes beyond its normal boundaries. Compared to a herniated disc, disc protrusion remains within the disc capsule (annulus fibrosus), but the protrusion puts pressure on the surrounding nerves. The symptoms may be less severe than in the case of a herniated disc, but pain may still occur due to compression of nearby nerve structures.
Both herniated discs and disc protrusions can develop as a result of degenerative changes in the spine, trauma, excessive strain, or other factors. Symptoms and severity can vary greatly depending on the location and extent of the disc degeneration and the degree of compression of the affected nerves.
Diagnosis and treatment of herniated discs and disc protrusion
Both herniated discs and disc protrusion may require rest, pain relief, lifestyle changes (weight loss, avoiding/interrupting sedentary work, posture-improving exercises), and physical therapy. In advanced cases, if conservative treatment is ineffective, surgery may be necessary to remove the herniated disc and relieve pressure on the nerves or spinal cord.
This occurs when the inner core of the disc (nucleus pulposus) ruptures through the hard outer shell of the disc (annulus fibrosus) and protrudes to such an extent that it puts pressure on nearby nerves or the spinal cord. Herniated discs are often categorized according to the direction and location of the protrusion, for example, central or lateral, within the nerve canal (foraminal) or outside the nerve canal (extraforaminal).
What are the symptoms of a herniated disc?
- radiating pain neck or back pain, numbness, pain, tingling
- muscle weakness in the area served by the affected nerve in the shoulder, hands, or knees, possibly in the feet.
- In severe cases, urinary or even fecal incontinence may occur.
Scoliosis is a condition in which the spine develops a lateral curvature. This distortion can cause pain and difficulty moving, especially in severe cases.
Spondylolisthesis is a condition in which one vertebra slips forward or backward relative to the adjacent vertebrae. This displacement can occur in different regions of the spine, but is most common in the lumbar (lower back) region. Spondylolisthesis is often classified into different grades or types based on the degree of slippage and the underlying causes.
Degenerative spondylolisthesis develops as a result of age-related wear and tear of the spine, which can lead to the breakdown of the intervertebral discs and facet joints.
Spondylolisthesis can be classified based on the degree of vertebral slippage. The most commonly used classification system is the Meyerding classification, which divides spondylolisthesis into five grades, from grade I (25% slippage) to grade V (100% slippage).
What are the symptoms of spondylolisthesis?
The severity of symptoms can vary, but the most common symptoms include
- lower back pain, pain radiating to the limbs
- numbness
- muscle weakness
- changes in gait, unsteadiness
In more severe cases, spondylolisthesis can lead to spinal curvature, which can cause numbness, tingling, and weakness in the legs.
Diagnosis and treatment of vertebral slippage
The diagnosis usually involves a physical examination, review of medical history, and imaging tests such as X-rays, CT scans, or MRIs to confirm the extent of the slippage and determine whether there is any nerve compression.
Treatment options depend on the severity of the spondylolisthesis and the associated symptoms. Conservative treatments may include rest, physical therapy, pain relief, and bracing. In more severe cases, or if conservative methods do not provide relief, surgery may be considered to stabilize the affected vertebrae and relieve pressure on the nerves.
It is essential for individuals with spondylolisthesis to work closely with healthcare professionals to determine the best treatment plan based on their specific condition and needs. The goal of treatment is generally to relieve pain, improve spinal stability, and restore normal function and quality of life.
Spondylosis is a condition caused by wear and tear of the discs between the vertebrae and the formation of bony growths (osteophytes) in the joints. This process can cause pain, stiffness of the spine, narrowing of the spinal canal and nerve canal, and compression of the nerve elements.

